启发式是一种解决问题的方法，它使用实用的方法或捷径来产生可能不完美但足以实现近期短期目标的解决方案。启发式方法通常用于决策过程，尤其是在寻找最佳解决方案过于复杂或耗时时。启发式的含义在包括人工智能、运筹学和心理学在内的各个领域都至关重要，它们有助于快速找到足够好的解决方案来解决棘手的问题。
启发式是通过减少达成解决方案所需的认知负荷来简化决策和问题解决的策略或经验法则。与通过遵循定义的步骤顺序来保证最佳解决方案的算法不同，启发式方法更加灵活，旨在快速找到令人满意的解决方案，通常是通过牺牲精度换取速度。
在人工智能中，启发式常用于搜索算法和优化问题。例如，在像 A* 这样的寻路算法中，启发式函数可以估算从给定节点到目标的成本，从而帮助算法确定要探索的路径的优先顺序。这减少了搜索空间并加快了寻找解决方案路径的过程。
启发式方法还用于日常决策。例如，在人们在有限的时间内面临复杂选择的情况下，他们可能会依赖简单的启发式方法，例如 “选择平均评分最高的选项” 或 “选择符合所有基本标准的第一个选项”。尽管这些方法可能并不总是能带来最佳结果，但它们在实践中通常是有效的。
但是，启发式方法的缺点之一是它们可能导致偏差或系统错误。由于启发式简化了决策过程，它们有时会忽略重要的细节，从而导致不理想或错误的决策。尽管如此，在速度和效率比绝对精度更重要的许多场景中，启发式方法还是有价值的工具。
启发式方法对企业很重要，因为它们为在复杂和不确定的环境中做出快速、有效的决策提供了一种方法。在运营管理等领域，启发式方法可用于优化生产计划、库存管理和物流，无需进行详尽的计算，从而节省时间和资源。
在市场营销中，启发式帮助企业就产品发布、定价策略和客户定位做出决策。例如，一家公司可能使用启发式方法通过查看关键指标来快速评估市场需求，而不是进行全面的市场分析，从而能够更快地应对市场变化。
在金融服务中，启发式法通常用于交易策略和风险评估，在这些策略和风险评估中，及时的决策至关重要。交易者可以使用启发式方法来快速判断市场趋势，从而缩短执行交易和抓住机会所需的时间。
最重要的是，在产品设计和用户体验（UX）中，启发式方法用于评估产品的可用性，帮助设计师进行迭代改进，而无需每次都进行大量测试。这加快了开发过程，有助于更快地将产品推向市场。
本质上，启发式的含义是指一种实用的、基于经验的方法来解决问题，这种方法强调速度和效率，而不是详尽的分析。对于企业而言，启发式方法对于在复杂情况下做出快速、有效的决策、提高运营效率和快速响应市场需求至关重要。
About cookies on this site
Sapien uses cookies to personalise your experience, understand how you interact with our website, and show you ads about our products and services. The cookie declaration provides detailed information on the cookies we use and allows you to adjust your preferences.
About cookies on this site
Cookies used on the site are categorized and below you can read about each category and allow or deny some or all of them. When categories than have been previously allowed are disabled, all cookies assigned to that category will be removed from your browser. Additionally you can see a list of cookies assigned to each category and detailed information in the cookie declaration.
Necessary cookies
Some cookies are required to provide core functionality. The website won't function properly without these cookies and they are enabled by default and cannot be disabled.
CookieHub is a Consent Management Platform (CMP) which allows users to control storage and processing of personal information.
Cloudflare is a global network designed to make everything you connect to the Internet secure, private, fast, and reliable.
Google reCaptcha enables web hosts to distinguish between human and automated access to websites.
Preferences
Preference cookies enables the web site to remember information to customize how the web site looks or behaves for each user. This may include storing selected currency, region, language or color theme.
Analytical cookies
Analytical cookies help us improve our website by collecting and reporting information on its usage.
Google Analytics is a web analytics service offered by Google that tracks and reports website traffic.
HubSpot is a CRM platform that provides tools for marketing, sales, and customer service.
Clarity is a user behavior analytics tool that helps you understand how users interact with your website.
Marketing cookies
Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites to allow publishers to display relevant and engaging advertisements. By enabling marketing cookies, you grant permission for personalized advertising across various platforms.
Google Ads is an advertising service by Google for businesses that want to display ads on Google search results and its advertising network.
The LinkedIn Insight tag powers conversion tracking, website audiences, and website demographics within the LinkedIn system.
Microsoft Advertising (formerly Bing Ads) is a service that provides pay per click advertising on the Bing, Yahoo!, and DuckDuckGo search engines.
Cookies used on the site are categorized and below you can read about each category and allow or deny some or all of them. When categories than have been previously allowed are disabled, all cookies assigned to that category will be removed from your browser. Additionally you can see a list of cookies assigned to each category and detailed information in the cookie declaration.
Necessary cookies
Some cookies are required to provide core functionality. The website won't function properly without these cookies and they are enabled by default and cannot be disabled.
| Name | Hostname | Vendor | Expiry |
|---|---|---|---|
| __cf_bm | .hubspot.com | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| _cfuvid | .hubspot.com | Session | |
Used by Cloudflare WAF to distinguish individual users who share the same IP address and apply rate limits | |||
| __cf_bm | .hsforms.net | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .hsforms.com | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| _cfuvid | .hsforms.com | Session | |
Used by Cloudflare WAF to distinguish individual users who share the same IP address and apply rate limits | |||
| cookiehub | .sapien.io | CookieHub | 365 days |
Used by CookieHub to store information about whether visitors have given or declined the use of cookie categories used on the site. | |||
| _GRECAPTCHA | www.google.com | 180 days | |
Used by Google reCaptcha for risk analysis | |||
| __cf_bm | .hs-scripts.com | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .hsadspixel.net | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .hs-analytics.net | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .hs-banner.com | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .usemessages.com | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .hsappstatic.net | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
| __cf_bm | .hubspotusercontent-na1.net | Cloudflare, Inc. | 1 hour |
The __cf_bm cookie supports Cloudflare Bot Management by managing incoming traffic that matches criteria associated with bots. The cookie does not collect any personal data, and any information collected is subject to one-way encryption. | |||
Preferences
Preference cookies enables the web site to remember information to customize how the web site looks or behaves for each user. This may include storing selected currency, region, language or color theme.
| Name | Hostname | Vendor | Expiry |
|---|---|---|---|
| lidc | .linkedin.com | LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company | 1 day |
Used by LinkedIn for routing. | |||
| li_gc | .linkedin.com | LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company | 180 days |
Used by LinkedIn to store consent of guests regarding the use of cookies for non-essential purposes | |||
Analytical cookies
Analytical cookies help us improve our website by collecting and reporting information on its usage.
| Name | Hostname | Vendor | Expiry |
|---|---|---|---|
| _ga | .sapien.io | 400 days | |
Contains a unique identifier used by Google Analytics to determine that two distinct hits belong to the same user across browsing sessions. | |||
| _ga_ | .sapien.io | 400 days | |
Contains a unique identifier used by Google Analytics 4 to determine that two distinct hits belong to the same user across browsing sessions. | |||
| __hstc | .sapien.io | HubSpot | 180 days |
This cookie name is associated with websites built on the HubSpot platform. This is the main cookie for tracking visitors. It contains the domain, utk, initial timestamp (first visit), last timestamp (last visit), current timestamp (this visit), and session number (increments for each subsequent session). | |||
| hubspotutk | .sapien.io | HubSpot | 180 days |
This cookie name is associated with websites built on the HubSpot platform. This cookie is used to keep track of a visitor's identity. This cookie is passed to HubSpot on form submission and used when deduplicating contacts. | |||
| __hssrc | .sapien.io | HubSpot | Session |
This cookie name is associated with websites built on the HubSpot platform. Whenever HubSpot changes the session cookie, this cookie is also set to determine if the visitor has restarted their browser. If this cookie does not exist when HubSpot manages cookies, it is considered a new session. | |||
| __hssc | .sapien.io | HubSpot | 1 hour |
This cookie name is associated with websites built on the HubSpot platform. This cookie keeps track of sessions. This is used to determine if HubSpot should increment the session number and timestamps in the __hstc cookie. It contains the domain, viewCount (increments each pageView in a session), and session start timestamp. | |||
| CLID | www.clarity.ms | Microsoft | 365 days |
Identifies the first-time Clarity saw this user on any site using Clarity. | |||
| _clck | .sapien.io | Microsoft | 365 days |
Persists the Clarity User ID and preferences, unique to that site, on the browser. This ensures that behavior in subsequent visits to the same site will be attributed to the same user ID. | |||
| _clsk | .sapien.io | Microsoft | 1 day |
Connects multiple page views by a user into a single Clarity session recording. | |||
| MUID | .bing.com | Microsoft | 390 days |
Microsoft User Identifier tracking cookie used by Bing Ads. It can be set by embedded microsoft scripts. Widely believed to sync across many different Microsoft domains, allowing user tracking. | |||
| MR | .c.bing.com | Microsoft | 7 days |
Used by Microsoft Clarity to indicate whether to refresh MUID. | |||
| SM | .c.clarity.ms | Microsoft | Session |
This cookie is installed by Clarity. The cookie is used to store non-personally identifiable information. The cookie is used in synchronizing the MUID (Microsoft unique user ID) across Microsoft domains. | |||
| MUID | .clarity.ms | Microsoft | 390 days |
Microsoft User Identifier tracking cookie used by Bing Ads. It can be set by embedded microsoft scripts. Widely believed to sync across many different Microsoft domains, allowing user tracking. | |||
| MR | .c.clarity.ms | Microsoft | 7 days |
Used by Microsoft Clarity to indicate whether to refresh MUID. | |||
| _cltk | Microsoft | Session | |
This cookie is installed by Microsoft Clarity tool and stores information about how visitors use the website | |||
Marketing cookies
Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites to allow publishers to display relevant and engaging advertisements. By enabling marketing cookies, you grant permission for personalized advertising across various platforms.
| Name | Hostname | Vendor | Expiry |
|---|---|---|---|
| _gcl_au | .sapien.io | Google Advertising Products | 90 days |
Used by Google AdSense to understand user interaction with the website by generating analytical data. | |||
| bcookie | .linkedin.com | LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company | 365 days |
This is a Microsoft MSN 1st party cookie for sharing the content of the website via social media. | |||
| UserMatchHistory | .linkedin.com | LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company | 30 days |
Contains a unique identifier used by LinkedIn to determine that two distinct hits belong to the same user across browsing sessions. | |||
| AnalyticsSyncHistory | .linkedin.com | LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company | 30 days |
Used by LinkedIn to store information about the time a sync with the lms_analytics cookie took place for users in the Designated Countries | |||
| bscookie | .www.linkedin.com | LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited Company | 365 days |
Used by the social networking service, LinkedIn, for tracking the use of embedded services. | |||
| IDE | .doubleclick.net | Google Advertising Products | 390 days |
Used by Google's DoubleClick to serve targeted advertisements that are relevant to users across the web. Targeted advertisements may be displayed to users based on previous visits to a website. These cookies measure the conversion rate of ads presented to the user. | |||
| SRM_B | .c.bing.com | Microsoft | 390 days |
This cookie is installed by Microsoft Bing. Identifies unique web browsers visiting Microsoft sites. | |||
| ANONCHK | .c.clarity.ms | Microsoft | 1 hour |
Used to store session ID for a users session to ensure that clicks from adverts on the Bing search engine are verified for reporting purposes and for personalisation | |||